Human endeavour — Foundational

Score: 0 / 11

Level 1: Foundational

Identify, describe, state, calculate — recall facts and use standard relationships (typical early Year 10).

1. Peer review primarily helps science by:

   A)Guaranteeing a claim is trueB)Having independent experts check methods and reasoning before wide publicationC)Replacing the need for dataD)Keeping all research secret

2. A preprint or blog post is useful, but compared with a peer-reviewed article it typically:

   A)Has always passed identical independent scrutinyB)Cannot contain any dataC)May not yet have the same level of independent expert evaluationD)Is always wrong

3. Replication of a study matters because:

   A)Independent repetition checks whether results are reliable, not one-off flukesB)Science forbids repeating experimentsC)Only one trial is ever allowedD)Replication removes all uncertainty

4. A new medical imaging device is developed. This most clearly links:

   A)Only art historyB)Science knowledge and engineering design to meet a needC)Only sportD)Only politics

5. Engineering constraints often include:

   A)Only beautyB)Unlimited resources alwaysC)No safety rulesD)Cost, materials, safety, reliability and environmental impact (among others)

6. Adoption of a scientific practice by the public can depend on factors such as:

   A)Evidence strength only—nothing else mattersB)Cost, values, trust, communication and access, among othersC)Colour of laboratory equipmentD)Whether results are published in poetry

7. Vaccination uptake can be influenced by (choose the best single summary):

   A)Only the colour of the clinicB)Random numbers onlyC)Access, trust in institutions, clear communication, misinformation, and perceived risks/benefitsD)Only celebrity opinions with no evidence

8. A society’s urgent health crisis is most likely to influence:

   A)The speed of lightB)Research priorities and funding focusC)The periodic table’s orderD)Earth’s axial tilt

9. Research priorities are shaped by:

   A)Scientific opportunity, funding, ethics, societal needs and policy (among other factors)B)Only lotteryC)Only one scientist’s hobbyD)Alphabetical order of elements

10. A hypothesis in science is:

    A)The same as a proven lawB)A random guess that cannot be testedC)A proposed explanation that can be tested with evidenceD)Only a summary graph

11. Uncertainty in published measurements is often reported so that:

    A)Readers can hide weak methodsB)Others can judge the precision and limitations of the resultC)All error is removedD)Only experts may read the paper

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